At different stages of product design, various levels of modeling are used. In order to make design decisions, as a rule, simulation techniques at the microlevel (FEM, CFD) are used. In order to make conceptual decisions simulation at the macrolevel or system simulation or 0D/1D simulation are used.

System simulation allows to see the behavior of objects on the system level. It can be combined into a system of subsystems of different physical nature. It allows to simulate complex technical products, which consist of many different subsystems both in structure and in physics:

    • The mechanics (1D / 2D / 3D)
    • Electronics
    • Hydraulic
    • Pneumatics
    • Acoustic
    • Thermodynamics and heat transfer
    • Electromagnetism
    • Chemistry
    • Biology
    • Control theory or any others that may be described by the system of ordinary differential equations.

Any vehicle is a complex system, in which there are interaction of multidisciplinary subsystems: body, chassis, engine, powertrain, tires, electricity, brake system, steering system. Moreover, with the introduction in recent years of electronic systems such as ABS, ESP and so, interaction between subsystems and their influence on the vehicle as a whole much more complicated. Therefore, fast and qualitative research collaboration of these subsystems can only be made by mathematical simulation.

Examples of problems in the design of vehicle that can be solved at the system level:
      • Longitudinal dynamics
      • Transverse dynamics
      • Vertical dynamics
      • Vibration of engine
      • Thermal balance
      • Intake and exhaust systems noise
      • Drivetrain simulation (clutch, gearbox, main gear)
      • Engine simulation (intake system, combustion, exhaust system, camshaft and crankshaft mechanisms)
      • Power balance
System simulation allows to take conceptual decisions at the early stages of design
      • Engine and its subsystem
      • Drivetrain
      • Suspension
      • Brake system
      • Steering system
      • HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Condition) systems
      • Electrical network

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